解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::By introducing a superconducting gap in Weyl or Dirac semimetals, the superconducting state inherits the nontrivial topology of their electronic structure. As a result, Weyl superconductors are expected to host exotic phenomena, such as nonzero-momentum pairing due to their chiral node structure, or zero-energy Majora...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602983
更新日期:2017-05-24 00:00:00
abstract::The production of renewable chemicals and biofuels must be cost- and performance- competitive with petroleum-derived equivalents to be widely accepted by markets and society. We propose a biomass conversion strategy that maximizes the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass (up to 80% of the biomass to useful products) ...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1603301
更新日期:2017-05-19 00:00:00
abstract::Transistors with exfoliated two-dimensional (2D) materials on a SiO2/Si substrate have been applied and have been proven effective in a wide range of applications, such as circuits, memory, photodetectors, gas sensors, optical modulators, valleytronics, and spintronics. However, these devices usually suffer from limit...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602246
更新日期:2017-05-19 00:00:00
abstract::The hydrogen atom-the smallest and most abundant atom-is of utmost importance in physics and chemistry. Although many analysis methods have been applied to its study, direct observation of hydrogen atoms in a single molecule remains largely unexplored. We use atomic force microscopy (AFM) to resolve the outermost hydr...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1603258
更新日期:2017-05-12 00:00:00
abstract::Multicellular organisms are composed of tissues that have distinct functions requiring specialized proteomes. To define the proteome of a live animal with tissue and subcellular resolution, we adapted a localized proteomics technology for use in the multicellular model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. This approach co...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602426
更新日期:2017-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::Predicted changes in the intensity and frequency of climate extremes urge a better mechanistic understanding of the stress response of microbially mediated carbon (C) and nutrient cycling processes. We analyzed the resistance and resilience of microbial C, nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) cycling processes and microbi...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602781
更新日期:2017-05-03 00:00:00
abstract::The formation of the biophotonic gyroid material in butterfly wing scales is an exceptional feat of evolutionary engineering of functional nanostructures. It is hypothesized that this nanostructure forms by chitin polymerization inside a convoluted membrane of corresponding shape in the endoplasmic reticulum. However,...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1603119
更新日期:2017-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::Since its first discovery in 2004, graphene has been found to host a plethora of unusual electronic transport phenomena, making it a fascinating system for fundamental studies in condensed matter physics as well as offering tremendous opportunities for future electronic and sensing devices. Typically, electronic trans...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602429
更新日期:2017-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::Synthetic aperture radar is a well-known technique for improving resolution in radio imaging. Extending these synthetic aperture techniques to the visible light domain is not straightforward because optical receivers cannot measure phase information. We propose to use macroscopic Fourier ptychography (FP) as a practic...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602564
更新日期:2017-04-14 00:00:00
abstract::We describe an approach to print composite polymers in high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) architectures that can be rapidly transformed to a new permanent configuration directly by heating. The permanent shape of a component results from the programmed time evolution of the printed shape upon heating via the desig...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602890
更新日期:2017-04-12 00:00:00
abstract::Climatic conditions shift gradually over millennia, altering the rates at which carbon (C) is fixed from the atmosphere and stored in the soil. However, legacy impacts of past climates on current soil C stocks are poorly understood. We used data from more than 5000 terrestrial sites from three global and regional data...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602008
更新日期:2017-04-12 00:00:00
abstract::Quantum phenomena have the potential to speed up the solution of hard optimization problems. For example, quantum annealing, based on the quantum tunneling effect, has recently been shown to scale exponentially better with system size than classical simulated annealing. However, current realizations of quantum anneale...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602273
更新日期:2017-04-07 00:00:00
abstract::Mucoadhesive particles (MAP) have been widely explored for pulmonary drug delivery because of their perceived benefits in improving particle residence in the lungs. However, retention of particles adhesively trapped in airway mucus may be limited by physiologic mucus clearance mechanisms. In contrast, particles that a...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1601556
更新日期:2017-04-05 00:00:00
abstract::One of the most elusive scientific challenges for over 150 years has been to explain why cooperation survives despite being a seemingly inferior strategy from an evolutionary point of view. Over the years, various theoretical scenarios aimed at solving the evolutionary puzzle of cooperation have been proposed, eventua...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1601444
更新日期:2017-03-29 00:00:00
abstract::The Rashba physics has been intensively studied in the field of spin orbitronics for the purpose of searching novel physical properties and the ferromagnetic (FM) magnetization switching for technological applications. We report our observation of the inverse Edelstein effect up to room temperature in the Rashba-split...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602312
更新日期:2017-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::Previous breakthroughs in stretchable electronics stem from strain engineering and nanocomposite approaches. Routes toward intrinsically stretchable molecular materials remain scarce but, if successful, will enable simpler fabrication processes, such as direct printing and coating, mechanically robust devices, and mor...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602076
更新日期:2017-03-10 00:00:00
abstract::Electrochemical analysis of sweat using soft bioelectronics on human skin provides a new route for noninvasive glucose monitoring without painful blood collection. However, sweat-based glucose sensing still faces many challenges, such as difficulty in sweat collection, activity variation of glucose oxidase due to lact...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1601314
更新日期:2017-03-08 00:00:00
abstract::The natural, prehuman abundance of most large predators is unknown because of the lack of historical data and a limited understanding of the natural factors that control their populations. Determining the supportable predator biomass at a given location (that is, the predator carrying capacity) would help managers to ...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1601303
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fractures and faults riddle the Earth's crust on all scales, and the deformation associated with them is presumed to have had significant effects on its petrological and structural evolution. However, despite the abundance of directly observable earthquake activity, unequivocal evidence for seismic slip rates along an...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602067
更新日期:2017-02-22 00:00:00
abstract::Implanted brain electrodes construct the only means to electrically interface with individual neurons in vivo, but their recording efficacy and biocompatibility pose limitations on scientific and clinical applications. We showed that nanoelectronic thread (NET) electrodes with subcellular dimensions, ultraflexibility,...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1601966
更新日期:2017-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Revealing physical interactions in complex systems from observed collective dynamics constitutes a fundamental inverse problem in science. Current reconstruction methods require access to a system's model or dynamical data at a level of detail often not available. We exploit changes in invariant measures, in particula...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1600396
更新日期:2017-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::The paramyxovirus RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRp) complex loads onto the nucleocapsid protein (N)-encapsidated viral N:RNA genome for RNA synthesis. Binding of the RdRp of measles virus (MeV), a paramyxovirus archetype, is mediated through interaction with a molecular recognition element (MoRE) located near the en...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602350
更新日期:2017-02-03 00:00:00
abstract::Fundamental understanding of the charge transport physics of hybrid lead halide perovskite semiconductors is important for advancing their use in high-performance optoelectronics. We use field-effect transistors (FETs) to probe the charge transport mechanism in thin films of methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3). We sho...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1601935
更新日期:2017-01-27 00:00:00
abstract::Double seismic zones are two-layered distributions of intermediate-depth earthquakes that provide insight into the thermomechanical state of subducting slabs. We present new precise hypocenters of intermediate-depth earthquakes in the Tonga subduction zone obtained using data from local island-based, ocean-bottom, and...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1601755
更新日期:2017-01-11 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) are moderate in most climate model projections under increasing greenhouse gas forcing. This intermodel consensus may be an artifact of common model biases that favor a stable AMOC. Observationally based freshwater budget analyses suggest that the AMOC ...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1601666
更新日期:2017-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::Mass loss from the West Antarctic ice shelves and glaciers has been linked to basal melt by ocean heat flux. The Totten Ice Shelf in East Antarctica, which buttresses a marine-based ice sheet with a volume equivalent to at least 3.5 m of global sea-level rise, also experiences rapid basal melt, but the role of ocean f...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1601610
更新日期:2016-12-16 00:00:00
abstract::Concern on the impacts of ocean acidification on calcifiers, such as bivalves, sea urchins, and foraminifers, has led to efforts to understand the controls on pH in their habitats, which include kelp forests and seagrass meadows. The metabolism of these habitats can lead to diel fluctuation in pH with increases during...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1501938
更新日期:2016-12-14 00:00:00
abstract::The Mott metal-insulator transition, a paradigm of strong electron-electron correlations, has been considered as a source of intriguing phenomena. Despite its importance for a wide range of materials, fundamental aspects of the transition, such as its universal properties, are still under debate. We report detailed me...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1601646
更新日期:2016-12-07 00:00:00
abstract::The search for topological superconductors (TSCs) is one of the most urgent contemporary problems in condensed matter systems. TSCs are characterized by a full superconducting gap in the bulk and topologically protected gapless surface (or edge) states. Within each vortex core of TSCs, there exists the zero-energy Maj...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1600894
更新日期:2016-11-23 00:00:00
abstract::The structure of many real-world systems is best captured by networks consisting of several interaction layers. Understanding how a multilayered structure of connections affects the synchronization properties of dynamical systems evolving on top of it is a highly relevant endeavor in mathematics and physics and has po...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1601679
更新日期:2016-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::Interactions between top-down and bottom-up processes in the cerebral cortex hold the key to understanding attentional processes, predictive coding, executive control, and a gamut of other brain functions. However, the underlying circuit mechanism remains poorly understood and represents a major challenge in neuroscie...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1601335
更新日期:2016-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::Dual-comb spectroscopy allows for high-resolution spectra to be measured over broad bandwidths, but an essential requirement for coherent integration is the availability of a phase reference. Usually, this means that the combs' phase and timing errors must be measured and either minimized by stabilization or removed b...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1601227
更新日期:2016-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::In a recent paper, Lechner, Hauke, and Zoller (LHZ) described a means to translate a Hamiltonian of N spin-1/2 particles with "all-to-all" interactions into a larger physical lattice with only on-site energies and local parity constraints. LHZ used this mapping to propose a novel form of quantum annealing. We provide ...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1601246
更新日期:2016-10-21 00:00:00
abstract::Perovskite oxides with poor conductivity call for three-dimensional (3D) conductive scaffolds to demonstrate their superb reactivities for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, perovskite formation usually requires high-temperature annealing at 600° to 900°C in air, under which most of the used conductive framewor...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1600495
更新日期:2016-10-21 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro selection of antibodies from large repertoires of immunoglobulin (Ig) combining sites using combinatorial libraries is a powerful tool, with great potential for generating in vivo scavengers for toxins. However, addition of a maturation function is necessary to enable these selected antibodies to more closely...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1501695
更新日期:2016-10-19 00:00:00
abstract::Discovery of new adsorbent materials with a high CO2 working capacity could help reduce CO2 emissions from newly commissioned power plants using precombustion carbon capture. High-throughput computational screening efforts can accelerate the discovery of new adsorbents but sometimes require significant computational r...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1600909
更新日期:2016-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::Leukemia is a complex heterogeneous disease often driven by the expression of oncogenic fusion proteins with different molecular and biochemical properties. Whereas several fusion proteins induce leukemogenesis by activating Hox gene expression (Hox-activating fusions), others impinge on different pathways that do not...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1600972
更新日期:2016-10-07 00:00:00
abstract::Early identification of pathogens is essential for limiting development of therapy-resistant pathogens and mitigating infectious disease outbreaks. Most bacterial detection schemes use target-specific probes to differentiate pathogen species, creating time and cost inefficiencies in identifying newly discovered organi...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1600025
更新日期:2016-09-28 00:00:00
abstract::Capabilities for assembly of three-dimensional (3D) micro/nanostructures in advanced materials have important implications across a broad range of application areas, reaching nearly every class of microsystem technology. Approaches that rely on the controlled, compressive buckling of 2D precursors are promising becaus...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1601014
更新日期:2016-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::Genetically modified pigs for biomedical applications have been mainly generated using the somatic cell nuclear transfer technique; however, this approach requires complex micromanipulation techniques and sometimes increases the risks of both prenatal and postnatal death by faulty epigenetic reprogramming of a donor s...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1600803
更新日期:2016-09-14 00:00:00